International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (2456-9992)

ONLINE PAPER PUBLISHING - Volume 1 - Issue 1, July 2017 Edition

All listed papers are published after full consent of respective author or co-author(s).
For any discussion on research subject or research matter, the reader should directly contact to undersigned authors.

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Authors: FERNANDES SIMANGUNSONG

Abstracts: This study was focused on the drafting of policy of performance allowance for government employees in Cianjur Regency according to prevailing law and regulations. From this study, it was expected to have several alternatives on amount of regional performance allowance proposed by local government to be approved by DPRD that should result in improvement of personnel motivation in providing more optimal public services. One of authorities of local government is to make policy on providing allowance for Civil Servants (PNS) to compensate good performance in bureaucratic reform. Yet, amount of this performance-based allowance is completely managed by each institutions. Regional performance allowance (Tunjangan Kerja Daerah (TKD)) is one of government efforts to optimize personnel performance. As regulated in Government Regulation No. 7 of 1977 on Salary for Civil Servant, which had been amended several times and the most recent was amended by Government Regulation No. 11 of 2011, in addition to basic salary, civil servant is also provided with allowances. The allowancesaregiven as reward or incentive to civil servants who hold bigger responsibility or workload than other civil servants, and mechanism and guideline for management and calculation of civil servant allowances is regulated in Regulation of Minister of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform No. 63 of 2011 on Guideline for Structuring of Civil Servant Performance Allowance System, and Regulation of Head of National Civil Service Agency No. 20 of 2011 on Guideline for Calculation of Civil Servant Performance Allowance. From the policy, it is therefore necessary to have a study specified for Cianjur Regency concerning amount of allowance. It is a study of policy application models to calculate amount of performance allowance. This study resulted in 3 standard calculation models of performance allowance according to Regional Minimum Wage (Upah Minimum Regional (UMR)) of Cianjur Regency, and 3 calculation models of performance allowance according to Regional Minimum Wage (UMR) and Scale of Education Level. This study was implemented to all local government agencies (Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (SKPD)) and civil servants in Cianjur regency.

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Pages: 1-15

Cite this Article: Fernandes Simangunsong , "STUDY ON THE POLICY FORMULATION OF PERFORMANCE ALLOWANCE MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA (CASE STUDY IN CIANJUR REGENCY, WEST JAVA PROVINCE)", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/july2017.html, Volume 1 - Issue 1, July 2017 Edition, 1-15 #ijarporg

Authors: NAUSHAD KHAN1, MUNIR KHAN2

Abstracts: Credit play key role in the development of agriculture. Farmers get loan from different sources from friends and banks for purchasing their inputs in the time of sowing for productivity increasing. The present study was carried out in rural area of District Mardan December 2012. The major objective was to see the effects of the credit program of ZTBL on wheat productivity in the study area. Three tehsil of district Mardan namely Katlang, Thakhth Bai and Mardan were selected. On the basis of more beneficiaries of the bank two villages from each tehsil were chosen. The total number of the credit beneficiaries was 260 while the number of wheat growers was 243. All 243 wheat growers were selected for the study and through questionnaire schedule data were collected from the respondents Descriptive statistics paired t-test and correlation were used for data analysis. The average yield, cost and return per hectare were found more than before and highly significant which shows the positive effect of the credit program on the wheat productivity. During survey large number of problems, such as shortage of finance, high costs, non availability of quality seeds, high interest rate, complicated procedure of the bank, non availability of loan in time etc were observed in the growers field. On the basis of problems recommendations were suggested for problems solution which is given as loan should be provided to farmers according to inputs requirements; in time availability of credit is requested; low interest rate should be imposed on the loan by bank; one window operation policy should be implemented by bank and loan provision to tenants were suggested for boosting the wheat productivity in the study area etc.

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Pages: 16-20

Cite this Article: Naushad Khan1, Munir Khan2 , "ENHANCEMENT OF WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH CREDIT PROGRAM OF ZARAI TARQIATI BANK LIMITED IN RURAL AREAS OF DISTRICT MARDAN KHYBER PUKHTHUN KHAWA PAKISTAN", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/july2017.html, Volume 1 - Issue 1, July 2017 Edition, 16-20 #ijarporg

Authors: JEFFREY KUREBWA

Abstracts: This study was aimed at examining the knowledge and perceptions of adolescents on Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (ASRH) rural Zimbabwe. Adolescents in Zimbabwe faces limited access to health information and services. Different factors like poverty, gender inequality, socio-cultural and economic status play a crucial role in determining adolescent’s access to ASRH knowledge. Qualitative research methodology was used in the study. Data was gathered through key informant interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). The study found out that adolescents in Gutu rural district were aware about some of the common ASRH problems like HIV and AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), early marriages, teenage pregnancy and gender inequality. The culture of communicating ASRH problems with parents was non-existent in most cases save for girls who indicated that they got information from their mothers during menstruation periods. Adolescents indicated that they had limited access to ASRH services available in their community. They further indicated that they were not utilising these services for various reasons such as social stigma, lack of information, poor quality service and the negative attitude displayed by some nurses and counsellors at the nearest health centre.

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Pages: 21-28

Cite this Article: Jeffrey Kurebwa , "KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTIONS OF ADOLESCENT SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH ISSUES AMONG RURAL ADOLESCENCE IN GUTU RURAL DISTRICT OF ZIMBABWE", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/july2017.html, Volume 1 - Issue 1, July 2017 Edition, 21-28 #ijarporg

Authors: HABIB GEMECHU EDAO

Abstracts: The rapid industrialization and intensive agricultural activities over the last few decades have resulted in accumulation of various pollutants in the environment, chiefly soil, which has led to the accumulation of heavy metals. The indiscriminate release of heavy metals into the soil and waters is a major health concern worldwide, because of their potential reactivity, toxicity, mobility and as they cannot be broken down to non-toxic forms and therefore has long-lasting effects on the ecosystems. Some metals such as manganese, copper, zinc and nickel are important in very small amounts and beneficial to plants, and animals for their growth and optimum performance, but high concentrations of all these metals have strong toxic effects and pose an environmental threat and causes toxicity in biological systems such as humans, animals, and plants. Many of them are toxic even at very low concentrations and they are not only cytotoxic but also carcinogenic and mutagenic in nature. Source of Contamination of soils with toxic heavy metals through mining operations, discharge of industrial effluents, intensive chemicalization of agriculture based on pesticides, fertilizers, and disinfectant, etc., is of great concern. In order to make the environment healthier for human beings, contaminated soils need to be rectified to make them free from heavy metals. There are some conventional remediation technologies to clean polluted areas, specifically soils contaminated with metals. These methods are expensive, time consuming, and environmentally devastating. Recently, phytoremediation as a cost effective and environmentally friendly technology has been developed in which plants are used to remediate the toxic heavy metals polluted areas, by using specific metallophytes. These plants are known as hyperaccumulators. Phytoremediation is becoming an important tool for decontaminating soil, water, and air by detoxifying, extracting, hyperaccumulating, and/or sequestering contaminants, especially at low levels where, using current methods, costs exceed effectiveness. In this paper, it was reviewed sources, environmental impacts, factors affecting heavy metals bioavailability in plants and phytoremediation techniques of soil heavy metal contamination.

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Pages: 29-41

Cite this Article: Habib Gemechu Edao , "HEAVY METALS POLLUTION OF SOIL; TOXICITY AND PHYTOREMEDIATION TECHNIQUES", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/july2017.html, Volume 1 - Issue 1, July 2017 Edition, 29-41 #ijarporg

Authors: YOGESH VISHWANATH CHAVAN

Abstracts: I explore the equivalence between “Mass” and “Imaginary Straight Line” by embedding Mass on One Dimensional Line. Based upon current experimental data, new empirical formula is derived which gives upper limit on energy scale up to TeV with minimum size equal to value of charge (Q). These both concepts with The Standard Model of Particle Physics are used to arrange particles (Fermions and Bosons) in 3 Folds way in 4th Imaginary Space. Quark Confinement due to Side Gluons, Mass of Fermions, % Distribution of Matter – Energy, Relation between Inertial/Gravitational Mass (Force) and Gluon is assured by self explanatory figures. Issue of Nature of Graviton (Quantum Gravity) and matter-Antimatter Asymmetry is also discussed.

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Pages: 42-47

Cite this Article: Yogesh Vishwanath Chavan , "THEORY OF 3 FOLDS 5 DIMENSIONAL UNIVERSE", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/july2017.html, Volume 1 - Issue 1, July 2017 Edition, 42-47 #ijarporg

Authors: JEFFREY KUREBWA1, SIKHULEKILE NDLOVU2

Abstracts: It has been argued theoretically by many scholars that a critical mass ranging from 30 to 35 percent of women is needed before major changes in legislative institutions, behaviour, policy priorities, and policy voting occurs. During the last decade, the idea of a critical mass has reached fever peach as an explanation for women’s legislative representation and behaviour. The assumption is that once a critical mass of elected women is reached, it will lead to changes in political behaviour, institutions, and public policy that will radically transform legislatures. This idea has gained increasing currency as women have improved their proportion of representation in legislative bodies all over the world. Although the idea of a critical mass is now widely accepted, it has not been subjected to the same theoretical or empirical investigation as many other concepts which are commonly employed in political representation and participation debates. There are two major problems with the concept. The first is that the percentage membership in an institution which women must obtain in order to function as a critical mass is often vague. Is there a single percentage which has universal acceptance, or are there different percentages for different countries? The second problem is that, irrespective of the accepted percentage, there is very little empirical evidence to support such effects.

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Pages: 48-55

Cite this Article: Jeffrey Kurebwa1, Sikhulekile Ndlovu2 , "THE CRITICAL MASS THEORY AND QUOTA SYSTEMS DEBATE", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/july2017.html, Volume 1 - Issue 1, July 2017 Edition, 48-55 #ijarporg

Authors: NANA CHARLES NGUINDIP

Abstracts: In the light of globalisation and economic trends of our nationality law, economic integration and increase in migration with the idea of citizenship continue to decrease. Especially considering the ease on the international travel to that of decades previous, the prospect of individuals possessing multiples citizenship simultaneously has become increasingly. With the advent of globalisation, the notion or possibility of citizens possessing global citizenship has been in the rise. To this effect, modern statistics has demonstrated the undeniable presence of individuals who may call two countries home. This, in turn, has led to the increase interest in the possibility of immigrants to hold dual nationality and, where a country’s policy currently prohibits such dual citizenship, a perfect and encouraging factor to make the concept of nationality law a reality in the global scene. As a result of this, the general world trend is towards a more open citizenship regime in which increasing numbers of countries allow their citizens to possess the nationality of another country. The situation of double citizenship is look in a different perspective under the Cameroon nationality law. Notably, Cameroonian Nationality Law is exclusive, in the acquiring of a foreign citizenship automatically cause for loss of Cameroonian Nationality and this phenomenon has created lots of implication on the Cameroonian society from the economic, social, political and even cultural denominations.

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Pages: 56-61

Cite this Article: Nana Charles Nguindip , "THE COMPLEXITIES OF CITIZENSHIP AND NATIONALITY UNDER CAMEROONIAN LAW", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/july2017.html, Volume 1 - Issue 1, July 2017 Edition, 56-61 #ijarporg

Authors: JACQUES LUKENZE TAMUZI1, JONATHAN LUKUSA TSHIMWANGA2

Abstracts: Background: Among the global gap in HIV epidemic to achieve the 90–90–90 target in 2015 was 13.0 million people living with HIV were not virally suppressed (UNAIDS 2016). In fact, the viral load is the mirror of HIV disease progression. Achieving the last 90 target is challenging because an estimated 38% [35–41%] of people living with HIV worldwide are virally suppressed. Disruptions of viral suppression of those on treatment, due to lack of adherence or viral resistance, limit the potential gains of treatment. Adherence is the best predictor of treatment success among clients. Near-perfect adherence is needed for clients to achieve good results, such as decreasing viral loads in the bloodstream, and preventing HIV-related complications. Maximum adherence to ART in patients with HIV improves health outcomes and prevents drug resistance. This trial will use intensive case management approach to improve adherence in adults HIV-infected whose viral load is >=1000 copies/ml. Objectives: -To improve the viral load in adults HIV-infected with viral load equal or above 1000 copies/ml. -To enhance the adherence in HIV-infected in adults with viral load >= 1000 copies/ml. Methods: This is a trial assessing viral load before and after the intervention. Participants will be selected in Otavi Health Centre. We will assess database in Otavi Health Centre and adults HIV-infected whose viral load is equal or above 1000 copies/ml will be selected. Data will be captured and entered into EpiInfo, then after converted to Stata14 for validation and analysis. The statistical analyses will be based on comparing the baseline viral load to post intervention viral load. Knowing that the viral load is continuous data, paired t-test will be used. We will use STATA 14 to analyze data. Conclusion: this trial will highlight the importance of intensive case management approach in improving ARV adherence.

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Pages: 62-65

Cite this Article: Jacques Lukenze Tamuzi1, Jonathan Lukusa Tshimwanga2 , "PROTOCOL FOR A TRIAL OF THE IMPACT OF INTENSIVE CASE MANAGEMENT APPROACH IN ADULTS HIV POSITIVE", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/july2017.html, Volume 1 - Issue 1, July 2017 Edition, 62-65 #ijarporg

Authors: DILSHADA RASHID1, AISHA AKTHER2

Abstracts: Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding prevention of Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) among Adolescents (13-18years) in selected schools of Baramulla Kashmir. Method: Pre-experimental one group pre-test and post-test research design were used. The Sample was 62 adolescents studying in selected schools of district Baramulla selected by stratified simple random sampling technique and data was collected by administering structured knowledge questionnaire. Results: Data was analyzed and interpreted by using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Using SPSS: V-20, all the inferences were checked at 0.05 level of significance. The mean pre-test knowledge score was (19.40) which improved to (35.25) in post-test at (p< 0.001).A significant association was found between Age (p≤ 0.010), Education (p≤0.004), Residence (p≤0.001), Occupation of Father(p≤0.014), Monthly family income (p≤0.010) of study subjects and the pre-test knowledge scores. Whereas no association was found between Gender, Occupation of mother and the pre-test knowledge scores (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Structured teaching program improved the knowledge of adolescent students regarding prevention of RTAs.

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Pages: 66-69

Cite this Article: Dilshada Rashid1, Aisha Akther2  , "EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PREVENTION OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS AMONG ADOLESCENTS (13-18 YEARS) IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF BARAMULLA KASHMIR”", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/july2017.html, Volume 1 - Issue 1, July 2017 Edition, 66-69 #ijarporg

Authors: MARILOU P. OROCEO1, AMELITA A. GAERLAN

Abstracts: Quality is the call of the times. Both business and education sectors are vying for quality to achieve ultimate goals and objectives for their products and services. In higher education per se, quality education becomes mandatory for higher education institutions (HEIs) to offer genuine programs to be at par with international standards and produce competent graduates equipped with the right competencies needed by the global market. This study was conducted to critically analyze the level of compliance on M & E with QA standards of selected HEIs in CALABARZON. It utilized mixed-methods design with application of both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The validity and reliability of data were verified using Cronbach’s alpha (a) wherein 20 individuals composed of several college and university faculty and administrators participated in the pilot testing. On the level of compliance on M & E of selected HEIs in CALABARZON, the results showed that state universities and colleges (SUCs) are “mostly complied” in the aspects of curriculum, student services, community extension and physical facilities with overall means of 3.18; 3.25; 3.14; and 2.96, respectively, while local universities and colleges (LUCs) have an overall mean of 3.22 for physical facilities and private higher education institutions (PHEIs) are “complied completely” in all the given aspects. The study shows that HEIs in CALABARZON are committed to ensure QA in tertiary education. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that institutional monitoring and evaluation of HEIS in CALABARZON be intensified through a clear and comprehensive regional QA mechanism. Thus, an enhanced M & E tool be formulated to indicate compliance on the quality of tertiary education in the region. The theoretical framework of this study can provide better understanding on management perspectives in higher education. The Organizational Theory Perspective which is the basis of this study, gives clear concepts and plans for analyzing reforms that can help develop organization in programs and policies implementation. The researcher has designed an enhanced tool by including some parameters not indicated in the existing CHED IV institutional monitoring and evaluation tool to make it more comprehensive, considering that it is a quality assurance mechanism in the region. Similarly, this study can also be of help to higher education institutions, stakeholders, researchers and readers in their pursuit of quality education, to deepen their grit for the achievement and realization of having a good self-analysis assessment in meeting certain assessed criteria for quality control.

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Pages: 70-76

Cite this Article: Marilou P. Oroceo1, Amelita A. Gaerlan , "A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE OF SELECTED HEIS IN CALABARZON WITH QUALITY ASSURANCE STANDARDS", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/july2017.html, Volume 1 - Issue 1, July 2017 Edition, 70-76 #ijarporg

Authors: DR. SAMPOORNAM. W

Abstracts: The false discovery rate (FDR) is a method of conceptualizing the rate of type I errors in null hypothesis testing when conducting multiple comparisons. FDR controlling procedures are designed to control the expected proportion of "discoveries" (rejected null hypotheses) that are false (incorrect rejections). In other words FDR is designed to control the proportion of false positives among the set of rejected hypotheses. This is more sensitive than traditional methods simply because of using a more lenient metric for false positives. False discoveries infiltrate the science world. The probability of a false positive finding increases with the numbers of statistical analytical tests. With recently expanding possibilities for piling data, concerns about the effects of multiplicities on false positive discoveries in the scientific endeavor have increased. However, awareness has not steep evenly throughout all branches of science. The role of new statistical approaches such as the false discovery rate for controlling false positive findings as well as the impact of false positive findings on science shall be highlighted in this critical review.

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Pages: 77-78

Cite this Article: Dr. Sampoornam. W , "THRESHOLDS IN MULTIPLE TESTING - FALSE POSITIVE DISCOVERY AND NON DISCOVERY RATES", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/july2017.html, Volume 1 - Issue 1, July 2017 Edition, 77-78 #ijarporg

Authors: 1MOHAMMEDEIN. B. ALHUSSEIN, 2ATIF. E. IDRIS

Abstracts: Present study was aimed to investigate the genotypic association among grain yield components and their direct and indirect effects on yield. Correlation studies revealed significant positive d phenotypic relationship of grain yield with plant and ear height, ear length and diameter and hundred kernel weight. Therefore ear length and diameter and hundred kernel weight had high positive direct effects on grain yield. Flowering day such as days tasseling had high negative direct effect on yield. These result depicted that ear length and diameter may be used as reliable criteria for improving grain yield. Heritability estimates described the genetic attributes of the traits under study. All the traits except ear height and grain yield had non additive type of gene action with high heritability. The exploitation of these traits would be effective in hybrid maize breeding. Ear height and grain yield showed both additive and non additive type of gene action with environmental influence due to high environmental variance. These traits can be utilized effectively through selection in varietal development.

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Pages: 79-82

Cite this Article: 1Mohammedein. B. Alhussein, 2Atif. E. Idris , "CORRELATION AND PATH ANALYSIS OF GRAIN YIELD COMPONENTS IN SOME MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) GENOTYPES", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/july2017.html, Volume 1 - Issue 1, July 2017 Edition, 79-82 #ijarporg

Authors: 1MOHAMMEDEIN B. ALHUSSEIN, 2HASHIM.A.MOHAMED, 3AZZA.H.ABDALLA

Abstracts: Maize consider as the most important cereal crop worldwide, and also per quest for staple food to fill the gap of male nutrition for human. Therefore, to enhancement of maize productivity under Sudan condition through development of high-yielding open pollinated varieties is the main objective of the Maize Research Program. In Sudan low yield of old released varieties causing considerable decrease in yield it restricted to be renewed with the other yielding ones, hence, it’s necessary to seeking for anew open pollinated varieties having a high yielding coupled with will adaptability. A multi-environment trial was conducted in representative maize growing areas to evaluate the agronomic performance and stability of elite maize genotypes developed by the program. All the experiments were conducted over ten environments in five locations via Gezira (seasons 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015), New Halfa (seasons 2012, 2013 and 2014), Sinnar (season 2014), Rahad (season 2015) and Hudiba (season 2015) research stations farms. A total of fifteen maize genotypes with one local check Hudiba-2 were evaluated over ten environments during consecutive cropping seasons, respectively. The plot size were maintained in 2 rows x 5m x 80 cm, with inter row spacing of 20 cm arranged in RCBD design with 3 replicates. The studied agronomic parameters such as days to 50% tasseling, silking, plant height, ear height, and grain yield. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and AMMI (Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction) analyses showed that the grain yield was significantly affected by genotypes, environments, and the genotype x environment interaction the stable genotypes for grain yield according to AMMI selection and AMMI Stability Value (MSV) the stable genotypes having a lower AMMI stability value coupled with high mean grain yield and also comparable yields with the check such as HSD-4592 having a mean grain yield of 2318 kg/ha and low AMMI Stability Value (MSV) of 17.7 and another stable genotype was HSD-5514 obtained mean grain yield of 2185 kg/ha and low AMMI Stability Value (MSV) of 2.9. From the obtained results on multi environments’ revealed that those genotypes have a high yielding and looking forward to be recommended for released as the promising varieties.

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Pages: 83-92

Cite this Article: 1Mohammedein B. Alhussein, 2Hashim.A.Mohamed, 3Azza.H.Abdalla  , "GRAIN YIELD STABILITY TO ENHANCEMENT OF FOOD SECURITY AMONG NEW GRAIN MAIZE GENOTYPES (ZEA MAYS L.) IN SUDAN", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/july2017.html, Volume 1 - Issue 1, July 2017 Edition, 83-92 #ijarporg