ONLINE PAPER PUBLISHING - Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition
All listed papers are published after full consent of respective author or co-author(s).
For any discussion on research subject or research matter, the reader should directly contact to undersigned authors.
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DEVELOPMENT OF CHITIN EXTRACTING MACHINE FROM CRAB SHELL WASTES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIOPESTICIDES
Authors: MARY GRACE B. RIVERA, RAMIREZ, KHEVIN A., MERCADO, JOY GLADICE C., AGUIRRE, NOWELL MICHAEL J.
Abstracts: This study aimed to develop a chitin extracting machine for the production of biopesticide. The machine is composed of hammer mill, treatment drum, rotating block, plastic strainer sieve screen, heater, and a motor. Hammer mill has the operating capacity of 4kg of crab shells with the operating speed of 1730 rpm. The researchers used two method of extraction process of chitin. The concentration and solute solvent ratio of HCl and NaOH, number of baths, time per bath and temperature was adapted from the study of Islem Younes et al. (2016). The washing time, volume of water for washing and agitating speed was from the study of Ongo et al. (2016). Based on the experimental testing, the obtained number for both baths of water after HCl and NaOH treatment was 2 washes and an operating time of 11 hours and 1.962 minutes. Performance testing of the chitin extracting machine in terms of its extraction rate, percent yield and extraction efficiency was also conducted considering the established operating conditions during the preliminary testing to evaluate the performance of the machine. The results include an extraction rate of 46.834 g/hr, percent yield of 12.9167% with an extraction efficiency of 92.2619%. Also, the pH level of the product after two washes of water was found to be 7.06.
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Pages: 1-7
Cite this Article: Mary Grace B. Rivera, Ramirez, Khevin A., Mercado, Joy Gladice C., Aguirre, Nowell Michael J. , "DEVELOPMENT OF CHITIN EXTRACTING MACHINE FROM CRAB SHELL WASTES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIOPESTICIDES", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 1-7 #ijarporg
CYTOTOXIC AND GENOTOXIC PROPERTIES OF SARAISA (MUNTINGIA CALABURA) BARK EXTRACT
Authors: APPLE GRACE C. GARINGO, ANABELIE P. MAUMAY, GRACE W. DANGO, REYMUND C. DERILO, JOEMAR D. SUBONG
Abstracts: This study examined the cytotoxic and genotoxic properties of saraisa (Muntinga calabura). This quantitative-experimental study used the Brine Shrimp Lethality (BSLA) and Allium cepa root growth inhibition assays to test its cytotoxic and genotoxic properties, respectively. These properties were evaluated based from the mortality rate of the brine shrimp nauplii and the root length inhibition of onion (A. cepa) after being exposed to varying extract concentrations. In this experiment, the properties were assessed by comparing the cytotoxic and genotoxic properties of the different concentrations with the negative control using F-test and LSD pairwise comparison. The test for cytotoxicity revealed that M. calabura demonstrated a moderate level of cytotoxicity against brine shrimp nauplii, with a lethal concentration (LC50) of 143.598 parts per million (ppm). There was a significant difference between the cytotoxic property of the different concentrations of the extract and the negative control. Furthermore, the root growth inhibition test revealed the high genotoxic effect of the extract by successfully inhibiting the growth of A. cepa roots. The bioactivity of M. calabura reported in this study is an indication of the presence of potent compounds which are good sources of important drug candidates. Thus, the study found the need to investigate further M.calabura’s biological properties for its possibility to be a potential drug candidate.
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Pages: 8-13
Cite this Article: Apple Grace C. Garingo, Anabelie P. Maumay, Grace W. Dango, Reymund C. Derilo, Joemar D. Subong , "CYTOTOXIC AND GENOTOXIC PROPERTIES OF SARAISA (MUNTINGIA CALABURA) BARK EXTRACT", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 8-13 #ijarporg
ASSESSMENT OF WILD RODENTS ENDOPARASITES IN KIRIMIRI FOREST IN EMBU COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: FREDRICK O. OGOLLA, CLIFTON OMONDI, CHRISTOPHER ODHIAMBO
Abstracts: Rodents are reservoirs and hosts of zoonotic diseases. Rodents’ pathogenic parasites can be introduced onto soils, water supplies, vegetables and fruits thus playing significant role in human infection. Though studies on rodents and their parasites are necessary to understand and manage zoonotic disease cycle, knowledge gap of endoparasite composition of wild rodents that interact with domestic animals and human still exists in Kenya. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of rodents’ endoparasites in Kirimiri forest, Embu County in Kenya between January and May 2016. Wild rats were caught by laying traps in 100 m x 100 m grid of 50 Sherman and 50 victor traps. Rodents’ morphometric data was used for their identification. Necropsy was performed for gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and endoparasites extracted, counted and prevalence determined. Three species of rats totaling to 355 rats comprising of 199 males and 156 females were captured and identified. A total of 533 endoparasites extracted. Rate of endoparasite prevalence was significantly higher in Rattus spp a peri-domestic rodent than forest rodents’ species (χ= 57.791, P = < 0.05). Asyphalia obvelata (44.79 %) had higher prevalence while the H. dinimuta had lowest prevalence (6.20 %). Prevalence based on forest patches, GIT and was different. The current study highlights the importance of rodents as potential vectors for intestinal parasitic infections.
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Pages: 14-22
Cite this Article: Fredrick O. Ogolla, Clifton Omondi, Christopher Odhiambo , "ASSESSMENT OF WILD RODENTS ENDOPARASITES IN KIRIMIRI FOREST IN EMBU COUNTY, KENYA", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 14-22 #ijarporg
TRACER STUDY OF GRADUATES OF THE COLLEGE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
Authors: DR. PHILIP Y. DEL ROSARIO
Abstracts: People live in a rapidly changing world with the diverse demands and challenges. They additionally call on universities to facilitate the shift to cognizance-predicated economy and high-technology through efficacious linkages between research and industry to ascertain that their countries have a competitive edge in the ecumenical market. This study used the descriptive method of research and survey questionnaire as the main data gathering instrument to trace the Batangas State University-College of Industrial Technology graduates of the Bachelor of Industrial Technology program from 2013-2016. Based from the findings, the Bachelor of Industrial Technology graduates mostly were male, 20-24 years old, single and graduates of Instrumentation and Control Technology. In term of educational profile, the Bachelor of Industrial Technology graduates across major of specialization have no professional examination but they are willing to pursue advance studies for professional development. In terms of employment, BIT graduates were mostly employed, end of contract was the reason for unemployment, they get their jobs for 2-5 months, they have one job after graduation, permanent in status, locally employed in non-government organizations for less than 7 months, and most jobs were relevant to their major of specialization. Lastly, the proposed recommendations to further enhance the employability Bachelor of Industrial Technology focused mainly on National Certifications, attendance to seminars and training, and meeting with advisory councils.
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Pages: 23-31
Cite this Article: Dr. Philip Y. Del Rosario , "TRACER STUDY OF GRADUATES OF THE COLLEGE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 23-31 #ijarporg
POTENTIALITY OF PULVERIZED COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE VERMICULITE AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT TO ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT IN CONCRETE MIX
Authors: OLIVER S. DIMAILIG, KRIZZIA JEWEL E. CAPRANGCA, ALEXIS O. GONDA, JUN-JUN V. VILLANUEVA
Abstracts: As the need for concrete continuously increases every year, the necessity and demand for the supply of cement also rise significantly. This study aimed to look for an alternative engineering construction material which can be a potential partial replacement to ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The entire investigation and experiment was based on the established ASTM standards. The physical properties of pulverized commercially available vermiculite (PCAV), namely fineness, specific gravity, and unit weight, were determined via laboratory tests and experiments. The cylindrical concrete specimens were designed for 28 MPa and 24 MPa compressive strengths exposed in a curing period of 28 days. The commercially available vermiculite from Ramgo International Corporation was utilized in the study, and was pulverized using the available pulverizing equipment. As far as the objectives of the study were concerned, the compressive strengths of the samples were determined using the Universal Testing Machine. The results of the experiments and laboratory tests performed showed that only the cylindrical concrete specimen of Class AA (1:1.5:3) with a PCAV – cement proportion of 10% - 90% attained and exceeded the required strength based on the design compressive strength of 28 MPa. Results also showed that PCAV can be used as a partial replacement to OPC in a concrete mix using PCAV – cement proportion of 10% - 90% of Class AA.
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Pages: 32-38
Cite this Article: Oliver S. Dimailig, Krizzia Jewel E. Caprangca, Alexis O. Gonda, Jun-jun V. Villanueva , "POTENTIALITY OF PULVERIZED COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE VERMICULITE AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT TO ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT IN CONCRETE MIX", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 32-38 #ijarporg
SUBSTANCE USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN MAITUM, SARANGANI PROVINCE: BASIS FOR INTERVENTION PROGRAM
Authors: AARON CARLO C. DECENDARIO, RN, MAN, MIC
Abstracts: The study was primarily concerned with the substance use among the adolescents in Maitum, Sarangani Province. The study aimed to determine the demographic profile, extent of influential factors and perceived effect of substance use. Frequency, percentile and weighted mean were used for statistical treatment. Moreover, an intervention program was designed based on the findings of the study. Findings of the study revealed that, among adolescents, age bracket of 17-18 years old got the highest percentage of 32.9 and 37.08 while the lowest was the age bracket of 9 and 15 years old which obtained 3.75 and 6.25 percent. The gender showed that female comprised of 63.75% while male comprised only of 36.25%. In terms of grade levels, data revealed that Grade 11 got the highest percentage of 65 while the lowest was the Grade 10 which obtained 4.17%. Respondents’ hobbies include playing sports and reading books obtained the highest percentage of 22.08 and 13.3. The data also revealed that 12.08% of the respondents used alcohol and 7.08% of the respondents used cigarettes. The extent of influential factors to substance use among adolescents has a weighted mean of 1.74 which is moderate in extent. However, the extent of influential factors to substance use among adolescents on academic pressure was rarely influence them to substance use. The perceived effects of substance use among adolescents have a weighted mean of 3.98 which is highly agree/perceived. From the data analysis, conclusions were drawn that most of the respondents belong to the grade 11 with age bracket of 17-18 years old and mostly are female. Respondents’ top hobbies include playing sports, reading books and used of cellphones. Alcohol and tobacco were the commonly used substances among respondents that consider themselves as users. Encouragement of friends, parent’s substance use, social gatherings and peer pressure are influential factors that sometimes/moderately influence adolescents to substance use. Academic pressures rarely influence adolescents to substance use. Substance use was highly perceived to cause effect on health-perception, cognitive-perceptual, academic performance, sleep-rest and role-relationships. The researcher then recommends that there is a need to adapt the Short Course. Program on Awareness of Substance Use. There is a need to implement the Short Course Program on Substance Use Implications to the adolescents and students to prevent possible health risk and behavioral vices. There is a need to embed and apply the Short Course Program on Substance Use to the Homeroom and health related subjects among adolescents. The administrators and faculty of the Notre Dame of Dadiangas University may utilize the proposed program and may intensify its operation through embedment on the PGS sessions. Future researchers may evaluate the implementation of the Short Course Program Substance Use Implications and conduct similar studies on the areas of drug use and addiction and academic performance among adolescents.
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Pages: 39-42
Cite this Article: Aaron Carlo C. Decendario, RN, MAN, MIC , "SUBSTANCE USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN MAITUM, SARANGANI PROVINCE: BASIS FOR INTERVENTION PROGRAM", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 39-42 #ijarporg
A JOURNAL ARTICLE CRITIQUE OF “THREE CHRONOLOGICAL STEPS TOWARD ENCOURAGING INTRAPRENEURSHIP: LESSONS FROM WEHKAMP CASE BY J. DEPREZ ET AL (2017).â€
Authors: ILUKOR GERESOM
Abstracts: This paper provides a critique to an article by J. Deprez et al (2017) entitled “Three Chronological steps toward encouraging Intrapreneurship: Lessons from Wehkamp case, published in the journal Business horizons (61), 135-145 and available online at: www.sciencedirect.com in which they present the study on the Wehkamp nl. -a Netherlands top -3-market leader e-tailer firm founded in 1952 that almost collapsed but experienced a double-digit growth and revenues with over $800 million dollars in 2015. J. Deprez et al (2017) use the Wehkamp case to propose the steps that business firms can follow to encourage intrapreneurship and make a turn-around from slow growing and underperforming businesses to adaptive, rapid growing, dynamic and innovative firms by taking advantage of the creative efforts of their employees and resources within a business organisation-an entrepreneurship concept referred to as Corporate entrepreneurship (CE). In this paper the author present a critique to the journal article.
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Pages: 43-45
Cite this Article: Ilukor Geresom , "A JOURNAL ARTICLE CRITIQUE OF “THREE CHRONOLOGICAL STEPS TOWARD ENCOURAGING INTRAPRENEURSHIP: LESSONS FROM WEHKAMP CASE BY J. DEPREZ ET AL (2017).â€", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 43-45 #ijarporg
INTER-PLAY OF INSTITUTIONAL MINDSET AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT: A CRITIQUE OF IVORY TOWER SYNDROME AND DISENGAGEMENT IN CAMEROON
Authors: FOMBA EMMANUEL MBEBEB
Abstracts: Recent debates on workforce development in knowledge-producing organisations cannot undermine the effect of mindset and knowledge culture of Universities gripped by ivory tower syndrome and spirit of disengagement. While acknowledging invaluable contributions of Cameroon Universities to labor market supply, the paper advances that mental dependence on ethnocentric epistemologies and delivery modes are responsible for employability crisis and knowledge deployment. The paper assesses the state of institutional mindset and knowledge management practices as determinants of human capital development within the BMD system, an indigenous knowledge framework. Analysis reveals that current state of disengagement has failed to embrace homegrown training values in bridging labor demand-supply gaps. A critique of training strategies reports policy gaps that thwart politico-academic ambitions of purported change-minded Universities to indigenize a workforce that can foster creativity and innovation. It submits that the epistemological dilemma in human capital development can best be resolved through the deconstruction of prevailing mindset and ivory tower syndrome through meaningful community engagement. Discussion advocates behaviour change as capable of bridging between exogenous and homegrown knowledge packages in creating useful organizational knowledge packages in competence building. Despite threatening global values, the paper proposes a demand-driven framework in churning out creative, flexible and resilient human capital capable of responsive knowledge deployment in any work situation.
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Pages: 46-56
Cite this Article: Fomba Emmanuel Mbebeb , "INTER-PLAY OF INSTITUTIONAL MINDSET AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT: A CRITIQUE OF IVORY TOWER SYNDROME AND DISENGAGEMENT IN CAMEROON", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 46-56 #ijarporg
CONTRIBUTION OF SOCIAL AUDIT PRACTICES TO THE INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE: THE CASE OF MOROCCAN COMPANIES LABELLED ON CSR
Authors: MOUNA EL MOUSADIK, FATIMA EL KANDOUSSI, HIND BENOUAKRIM
Abstracts: This article aims to analyzes the impact of social auditing practices as a social steering tool on individual performance which is an important element in the measurement of organizational performance. In fact, this paper opts for an empirical study on a sample of Moroccan companies with the Corporate Social Responsibility label. The study has shown that social auditing practices in the field of human resources management actually affect the degree of individual performance and improve the social performance of the company.
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Pages: 57-60
Cite this Article: Mouna EL MOUSADIK, Fatima EL KANDOUSSI, Hind BENOUAKRIM , "CONTRIBUTION OF SOCIAL AUDIT PRACTICES TO THE INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE: THE CASE OF MOROCCAN COMPANIES LABELLED ON CSR", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 57-60 #ijarporg
AN INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERSHIP MODEL FOR IMPROVING K-12 MATH LEARNING TOWARDS 21ST CENTURY EDUCATION
Authors: VELANKANNI ALEX
Abstracts: A challenge of teacher education is to improve K-12 math education learning towards 21st century education. There is lots of step to educate mathematics in school level. Instruction method can provide a knowledge into making mathematics teaching and learning. This paper gives knowledge about the skill of mathematics knowledge, and the teacher roles in improving mathematics education. It helps the teachers to teach mathematic in a right and easy manner to the students. Currently what are the ideas available to teach and make the student for better understanding in mathematics.
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Pages: 61-65
Cite this Article: Velankanni Alex , "AN INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERSHIP MODEL FOR IMPROVING K-12 MATH LEARNING TOWARDS 21ST CENTURY EDUCATION", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 61-65 #ijarporg
THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL COMMERCE FACTORS ON CUSTOMER PURCHASE BEHAVIOR(CASE STUDY: DIGIKALA WEBSITE)
Authors: AMIR SHIVAFAR, PEJMAN SHEIBANI ESFERJANI, PARVIZ REEISI
Abstracts: Today using of internet and virtual media is member of people life. One of the most important dimensions is costumer shopping behavior. By developing online social commerce systems,people can buy all the goods easily without going to store.The main objective is checking the effect of social commerce factors of costumer purchase behavior on Digikala website. Four variables of social support, product uncertainly, seller uncertainly and third part information are included. This paper explores social commerce and the effect of them on purchase behavior has inspected. Statistical society is population of 20 years old of Isfahan who buy goods on Digikala website. According to Cochran c-0, sample size is 348 that out of 348 questionnaires between statistical society distributed, 333 questionnaire gained properly. Information is gained by Bay and colleagues standard questionnaire that narrative and reliability has approved. After data amassment, information has been analyzed by SPSS and AMOS. Data analysis method and hypothesis inspection showed structural equations and β coefficient is 0.05. Results showed that social support do not affect on costumer purchase behavior. Moreover Seller and product uncertainly has positive affect on product uncertainly. Also seller uncertainly and product uncertainly has positive and social support has negative effect on uncertainly product
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Pages: 66-69
Cite this Article: Amir Shivafar, Pejman Sheibani Esferjani, Parviz Reeisi , "THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL COMMERCE FACTORS ON CUSTOMER PURCHASE BEHAVIOR(CASE STUDY: DIGIKALA WEBSITE)", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 66-69 #ijarporg
STABILIZATION OF LATERITE WITH RUBBER LATEX
Authors: DJOMO AGRé SéRAPHIN; KOUADIO KOFFI CLEMENT; OFFO OWOCHI QUENTIN ARISTIDE
Abstracts: Air pollution and the emission of greenhouse gases related to the manufacture of clinker for the manufacture of cement, leads to consider the use of a natural binder other than cement for the stabilization of laterite. This laterite-rubber is a new sustainable material for construction and building. In this work, a study on the amount of ammonia to delay the coagulation of latex for use as a stabilizer was conducted. In addition, tests of water resistance, absorption and mechanical tests were carried out on this new material to define its properties. 3% ammonia was used to delay coagulation of the latex. 0 to 30% latex content was used to stabilize laterite specimens. The tests carried out on these different test pieces gave the following results: 15% latex specimens dissolve completely in water while 20% test specimens dissolve completely in water; 25% and 30% are water resistant. The absorption rate decreases as the latex content increases in the test pieces. t goes from 14,45% for the specimens to 15% to 5.87% for the 30% test pieces. The compression test shows an increase in resistance from 0.37 MPa for latex-free specimens to 3.15 MPa for 30% latex specimens. Also, the study of the mechanical properties (rheological behavior) shows that the specimens have a plastic behavior when the latex content increases.
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Pages: 70-74
Cite this Article: Djomo Agré Séraphin; Kouadio Koffi Clement; Offo Owochi Quentin Aristide , "STABILIZATION OF LATERITE WITH RUBBER LATEX", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 70-74 #ijarporg
INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE OF MICRO-ENTERPRISES
Authors: DR. SHIRLEY EJE MARANAN, DR. JEFFREY PEREZ MARANAN
Abstracts: Investment management perspective of micro-enterprises in Batangas province were the main focused of the study using descriptive statistics. Based on the analysis, respondents were 51-60 years old, female, undergraduate, and below five years in the business. Moreover, respondents have below five employees, five years in operation, and less than Php5, 000.00 capital. In assessing the investment management perspective of micro-enterprises, respondents agree that risk and rate of return, working capital management, financial forecasting, and financial environment affect financial planning. There is also a significant relationship between the profiles of the respondents with the factors of investment management perspective. Researchers found out that risky products or services related to the business should be monitored, the liability for short-term debt financing should be decreased, owners of micro-enterprises must maximize working capital, there should be a plan for the expenditures on fixed assets, and micro-enterprises’ owners should determine the prevailing interest rates.
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Pages: 75-80
Cite this Article: Dr. Shirley Eje Maranan, Dr. Jeffrey Perez Maranan , "INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE OF MICRO-ENTERPRISES", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 75-80 #ijarporg
ANALYSIS OF MUTUAL FUND INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO BY BANK CENTRAL ASIA PENSION FUND (2-STAGE DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS APPROACH)
Authors: EKHSANOR EFFENDI, HAKIMAN THAMRIN
Abstracts: This study aims to analyze the level of efficiency of each mutual fund product chosen by Bank Central Asia Pension Fund by using the 2-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The data used in this study are secondary data which are quantitative data expressed in numbers. The population in this study were 19 mutual fund products chosen by the BCA Pension Fund (DPBCA), with a sample of historical data for 3 years starting from January 1 2015 to December 31, 2017. The results of the analysis show that of the 19 mutual fund products selected by the DPBCA, there were 11 prod-ucts which received an efficiency score of 1.0 or in the efficient category. Furthermore, an efficient mutual fund product ranking is conducted using ratings from Infovesta, Bareksa and Morningstar to obtain an optimal portfolio.
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Pages: 81-92
Cite this Article: Ekhsanor Effendi, Hakiman Thamrin , "ANALYSIS OF MUTUAL FUND INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO BY BANK CENTRAL ASIA PENSION FUND (2-STAGE DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS APPROACH)", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 81-92 #ijarporg
QUALITY WORK LIFE OF MIDDLE MANAGERS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: DR. ROWENA R. ABREA
Abstracts: The dean leads in the attainment of the vision, mission and objectives of an academic institution where he belongs. He establishes structure in relation to instruction, curriculum, and performance assessment. Likewise, he acts for effective implementation of memoranda, issues, policies and guidelines of top officials of the institutions. However, he can execute it best with the support and cooperation of his subordinates particularly the middle managers of the college. The multifarious tasks of the dean must meet the standards prescribed of his work. It is also his task to ensure that the teachers and other school personnel are exposed to more opportunities so that they can be more effective and more efficient in the organization. The dean may find it difficult to achieve all the objectives of the college without the support of the associate dean, department and program chairs and the faculty designated, who are considered the college middle managers. They assisted the dean on all endeavors of the college. Thus, being the college dean, she found it relevant and timely to focus on the assessment of quality work life, leadership potentials and decision-making of her middle managers. Her study covered the quality work life as to their personal and professional characteristics, supervision, and interpersonal skills. Their decision-making skills were also determined in the study. A continuing education program was proposed toward the attainment of quality work life of the middle managers. The descriptive method of research was applied in the study with the questionnaire as the main data gathering instrument. This was supplemented by the interview and focused group discussion. There were there groups of respondents with a total of 468. There were 62 upper managers, 100 middle managers and 306 faculty members who became the respondents of the study. The weighted mean, ranking, step-wise multiple regression analysis, one-way analysis of variance or F test and Scheffe’ Test were the statistical tools used to answer the specific problems. The data obtained revealed that the middle managers rated themselves very evidently the quality work life as to personal and professional characteristics, supervision, and interpersonal skills while the upper managers and faculty described the middle managers to evidently possess those characteristics and skills. The personal characteristics, interpersonal, supervision and decision-making skills were the predictors of the quality work life of middle managers. However, the middle managers themselves assessed that very evidently they possessed the decision-making skills and the upper managers and faculty described the middle managers to evidently possess such skill. Thus, the upper managers, middle managers and faculty significant differ on their responses of quality work life, and decision-making skills.
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Pages: 93-103
Cite this Article: Dr. Rowena R. Abrea , "QUALITY WORK LIFE OF MIDDLE MANAGERS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 93-103 #ijarporg
WHAT TO DO WITH CO2? STORAGE VS. EOR VS. CO2 AS A CHEMICAL FEEDSTOCK
Authors: UDARA S. P. R. ARACHCHIGE, SAKUNA SANDUPAMA P.W
Abstracts: Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration tremendously increased over the years due to fossil-fuel based power generation, industrialization, and deforestation. Therefore carbon dioxide capture technologies are essential to maintaining a better living environment. However, there should be a utilizing method with captured carbon dioxide. There are mainly three mechanisms involving captured carbon dioxide, Permanently storage, enhanced oil recovery, and carbon dioxide as a chemical feedstock. All of them have an advantage as well as disadvantages over the others.
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Pages: 104-109
Cite this Article: Udara S. P. R. Arachchige, Sakuna Sandupama P.W , "WHAT TO DO WITH CO2? STORAGE VS. EOR VS. CO2 AS A CHEMICAL FEEDSTOCK", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 104-109 #ijarporg
READING MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL ENGLISH COORDINATORS IN BATANGAS PROVINCE
Authors: ALMA YACO – NOCHE
Abstracts: The problems in reading among learners are perennial issues in every school. One way to resolve this is by crafting strategic reading programs suited to the specific needs of every struggling reader. However, to make it more effective it must be managed properly. At this point, English coordinators must acquire and enhance the necessary management competencies for reading program management. Thus, this study aimed to assess the management competencies of English coordinators and identify the issues and concerns in reading program management so as to propose a reading program management for them. The study utilized a descriptive research design utilizing a researcher made questionnaire as research instrument. The results of the study showed that the management competencies of English coordinators were moderately evident in terms of planning, documentation and reporting, management communication, and decision making, while the primary issue and concern in reading program management was the sufficiency of resources to support the program and time to support and implement the program. The results were used as basis in crafting a reading program management for English coordinators.
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Pages: 110-116
Cite this Article: Alma Yaco – Noche , "READING MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL ENGLISH COORDINATORS IN BATANGAS PROVINCE", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 110-116 #ijarporg
EMPLOYABILITY OF BATSTATE-U BACHELOR OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY GRADUATES
Authors: ENGR. MAYLEN G. EROA
Abstracts: A tracer study focusing on the employability, transition to employment and relevance of the course to current employment was conducted among Batangas State University, Bachelor of Industrial Technology (BIT) graduates of Alangilan Campus from 2008 to 2012. It also focused on determining the adequacy of skills and competencies acquired during the pre-service education and training provided by the university as well as the relevance of the curriculum to the urgent and inevitable needs brought by various developments such as internationalization of standards of higher education programs and the ASEAN 2015 Integration. The findings revealed high employment rate of the graduates both locally and internationally. The skills and competencies provided were evaluated as adequate and relevant to current jobs as well. Meanwhile, it is viewed that the Bachelor of industrial Technology undergraduate curriculum though still relevant needs to be enhanced to be at par with the International Standards.
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Pages: 117-122
Cite this Article: Engr. Maylen G. Eroa , "EMPLOYABILITY OF BATSTATE-U BACHELOR OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY GRADUATES", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 117-122 #ijarporg
MOTORCYCLE ENGINE SHUT-OFF DEVICE
Authors: PHILIP D. GENETA, GEORGE ADRIAN L. CAY, HAZEL JOY B. MAGNAYE, BRYAN H. OLIVERIO
Abstracts: The Motorcycle Engine Shut-off Device was developed for the security and tracking of motorcycle against thieves and intruders. The device was capable of remotely stopping and starting the motorcycle engine through Short Message Service (SMS), and locating its whereabouts in real-time by using Global Positioning System (GPS) module. Locally available materials were used in the fabrication of the prototype such as Arduino Nano, relay, GPS module, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) module and Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card. The developed prototype was tested for its functionality, compatibility, and durability. The result of the functionality test showed that the device was able to send and receive SMS, therefore enabling the engine of the motorcycle to start or stop; also, the device was able to track the location of the motorcycle being tested. The compatibility test showed that the device was fully operational on selected motorcycle and tricycle models. For the durability of the device, it was installed on a motorcycle and tricycle and tested on a maximum of 30 km distance. The result showed that the device was still working with no loose wirings and components. The performance of the developed prototype was evaluated by 20 respondents which composed of IT experts, Rosario Traffic Management Office personnel, police officers, motorcycle/tricycle owners, and other possible end-users, according to its quality, durability, safety, functionality and economy. The prototype gained and overall mean score of 4.65 with a descriptive rating of “Excellent†signifying that the prototype met its objectives and that the evaluators were satisfied of the outcome and capabilities of the Motorcycle Engine Shut-off Device.
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[Bibliography]
Pages: 123-127
Cite this Article: Philip D. Geneta, George Adrian L. Cay, Hazel Joy B. Magnaye, Bryan H. Oliverio , "MOTORCYCLE ENGINE SHUT-OFF DEVICE", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 123-127 #ijarporg
THE MODERATING EFFECTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL ON WORKPLACE BULLYING AND BURNOUT IN THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
Authors: ALBERT M. ARCEGA, ROSALIA T. CABALLERO
Abstracts: This descriptive-correlational research probed the moderating effects of Psychological Capital (PsyCap) on workplace bullying and burnout of Philippine National Police (PNP) uniformed personnel (N=447) of the National Capital Region (NCR) using convenience sampling technique. The survey instruments were composed of self-made socio-demographic profile, Psychological Capital Questionnaire-24 (PCQ-24), Negative Acts Questionnaire Revised (NAQ-R), and Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). The findings of the study indicated that most of the participants were male, 22 to 37 years old, married, college graduate, Police Officer 1 (PO1), 1 year and 1 month to 5 years in service, and from Southern Police District. Mean scores of the participants indicate high level of PsyCap, and very low level of workplace bullying and low level of burnout. Also, it was found out that PsyCap was negatively correlated with workplace bullying and burnout, while the latter variables maintained their positive correlations. Moreover, among the dimensions of PsyCap, hope and resilience moderates the relationship between the specific form of bullying and burnout.
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[Bibliography]
Pages: 128-137
Cite this Article: Albert M. Arcega, Rosalia T. Caballero , "THE MODERATING EFFECTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL ON WORKPLACE BULLYING AND BURNOUT IN THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 128-137 #ijarporg
WRITING SKILLS DEVELOPMENT OF THE FRESHMEN ENGINEERING STUDENTS IN BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
Authors: THEREZIA O. CONTI
Abstracts: This study focused on the evaluation of the writing skills of the first year engineering students in Batangas State University in terms of grammatical, stylistic, mechanical, and judgment skills. The respondents took up an English grammar subject during the first semester of the school year 2014-2015. Specifically, it determined the diagnostic test results on writing skills in terms of grammatical, stylistic, mechanical, and judgement skills. Likewise, it identified the writing skills of the respondents that are adequately developed or undeveloped. This study utilized the descriptive method of research using the cross sectional-design. The researcher employed four hundred eighty-three (483) out of the total of one thousand five hundred seventy-four (1574) first year engineering students. These students were given the diagnostic tests designed to elicit information on their writing skills. Pre-validated diagnostic test was the main tool used in the study. Statistical tools used were frequency count, percentage technique, arithmetic mean, and Pearson Product-Moment Coefficient of Correlation. Findings of the study revealed that among the four writing skills, the students have adequately developed their grammatical and stylistic skills, like the use of the third principal part of the verb and modifier in the case of grammatical skills, the use of prepositional phrase, antecedent, and verb in the case of stylistic skills. The undeveloped skills of the students are due to their inability to spot errors on the use of unnecessary adverb and article, subject-verb agreement in the case of grammatical skills; the use of inverted sentence in the case of stylistic skills; the use of colon, apostrophe and exclamation point in the case of mechanical skills; use of contrasting ideas in the case of judgment skills.
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[Bibliography]
Pages: 138-142
Cite this Article: Therezia O. Conti , "WRITING SKILLS DEVELOPMENT OF THE FRESHMEN ENGINEERING STUDENTS IN BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 138-142 #ijarporg
CONSTRAINT ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR DISTRIBUTED CONSTRAINT PROBLEM WITH TWO-AGENTS
Authors: HAJAR AIT ADDI, REDOUANE EZZAHIR
Abstracts: Constraint programming (CP) is a powerful paradigm for solving and modeling combinatorial problems. Nevertheless, building a CP model requires some expertise in constraint programming. The users find it difficult to articulate their constraints, while they are able to recognize examples of where a constraint has to be satisfied or violated. Several constraint acquisition systems have been introduced to take an active role in acquiring the user’s constraints. However, until recently, no such system existed for distributed constraint problem (DCP). In this paper, we attempt to present a new algorithm of constraint acquisition for distributed constraint problem with two-agents (DisCP2A). We propose to improve the recent QuAcq system to ac- quire automatically such problem, this lead to a new system called Dis-QuAcq. We apply our basic approach in context of a distributed problem involving the acquisition of SensorDCP with two-mobile constraints. Finally, we conclude the paper.
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[Bibliography]
Pages: 143-147
Cite this Article: Hajar Ait Addi, Redouane Ezzahir , "CONSTRAINT ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR DISTRIBUTED CONSTRAINT PROBLEM WITH TWO-AGENTS", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 143-147 #ijarporg
‘UHM, AAHHM’: THE WRITING APPREHENSION OF A FUTURE MEMBER OF THE WORKFORCE
Authors: MARIA ELENA G. JACINTO
Abstracts: The causes and manifestations of the writing apprehension phenomenon have been defined by different scholars in different countries. Whether it is in the EFL or ESL setting, students seem to display such skill-specific anxiety in varying degrees. This case study of one student in a hospitality school in the province of Cavite reveals that the phenomenon also manifests through the use of fillers, pauses, and repetitions to mean nervousness, doubt, strife in the use of the English language, and is caused by frustration as well. In a contstructivism-interpretivism lens, the reality of our case is weighed in order to pose his condition as he is placed in an OBE setting and the demanding workforce of the hospitality industry.
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[Bibliography]
Pages: 148-162
Cite this Article: Maria Elena G. Jacinto , "‘UHM, AAHHM’: THE WRITING APPREHENSION OF A FUTURE MEMBER OF THE WORKFORCE", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 148-162 #ijarporg
READINESS OF NIGERIAN QUANTITY SURVEYORS TO ADOPT KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
Authors: UMAR I., USMAN Y., YAHAYA I. ISA B
Abstracts: The main aim of KM concept is to facilitate learning and the creation of new knowledge by teaching individuals where to find appropriate organizational knowledge, the way to use it efficiently, apply it effectively and share it appropriately. This research was carried out to investigate the readiness of Quantity Surveyors in the Nigerian Construction Industry to espouse KM concept in discharging their cost management services. A quantitative research approach was adopted in order to attain the aforementioned objective of the study. Fourty two (42) readiness indicating factors were identified from the literature and all were used in the structured questionnaires in order to test the readiness of the respondents in the Nigerian Construction Industry. Fifty one (51) questionnaires were retrieved from the respondents which were analyzed for the purpose of this work. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistics show that there is no significant difference among the three categories of the respondents (top managers, middle managers and lower managers) in their view on the questions investigated for their readiness to adopt KM in their firms. It was further revealed that there is no significant difference in the opinion of the respondents in spite of their affiliations to the Nigerian Institute of Quantity Surveyors as some are fellow members while some are corporate or Probational members of the Institute. The study recommended an aptly motivation of the Quantity Surveyors in their firms so that their capabilities of managing knowledge would be enrich.
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[Bibliography]
Pages: 163-167
Cite this Article: Umar I., Usman Y., Yahaya I. Isa B , "READINESS OF NIGERIAN QUANTITY SURVEYORS TO ADOPT KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 163-167 #ijarporg
NEXUS BETWEEN POVERTY AND LIVELIHOOD DIVERSIFICATION AMONG RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN NIGERIA: A MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX APPROACH
Authors: ABOABA K. O., ADENLE S. M., SOWUNMI E.O., AKINADE A.I.
Abstracts: Rural households are facing high incidence of poverty which have adversely affected their standard of living, in other to overcome this challenge, people tends to diversify their livelihood source to improve their purchasing power for basic necessities, this study was carried out to analyse the effect of livelihood diversification on the poverty status of rural households in Oyo west Local Government Area, Oyo state, Nigeria, data for this study were obtained through the use of structured questionnaire from 120 diversified farmers using two stages sampling techniques, data were analysed using descriptive, Simpson index of diversification(SID), multidimensional poverty index(MPI) and Tobit regression model, the result of SID showed that there was average level of livelihood diversification in the study area, the result of MPI revealed that the multidimensional headcount ratio was 31%, the incidence of poverty was 50% and the MPI was 0.16, implying that the rural households were deprived in 16% of the total deprivation it could experience overall, the result of Tobit regression revealed that gender (p<0.01), level of diversification (p<0.05) and membership of cooperative society (p<0.1) negatively affect MPI while years of formal education (p<0.1) positively affects MPI, this study recommended that awareness and skills acquisition programmes should be targeted towards women and youths as this will be instrumental in alleviation of poverty, rural household heads were also encouraged to form cooperative societies in other to have access to credit facilities to purchase basic necessities of life, this would go a long way in reducing their poverty level.
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[Bibliography]
Pages: 168-175
Cite this Article: Aboaba K. O., Adenle S. M., Sowunmi E.O., Akinade A.I. , "NEXUS BETWEEN POVERTY AND LIVELIHOOD DIVERSIFICATION AMONG RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN NIGERIA: A MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX APPROACH", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 168-175 #ijarporg
COMPARING THE EFFECT OF KALTONBORN AND MAITLAND MOBILIZATION ON PAIN AND DISABILITY IN ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS
Authors: MUHAMMAD RIZWAN, AYESHA RAZZAQ, SHAZIA IJAZ, TOOBA AMIN
Abstracts: Background of Study:Adhesive capsulitis is a condition in which inflammation occur in shoulder joint which lead to pain in shoulder and leading to limitation in activity of daily living and mobilization techniques are effective in dealing with this condition. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of Kaltonborn and Maitland Mobilization in adhesive capsulitis for decreasing pain and disability which occur due to limitation in activity of daily living. Material and method: This randomized control trail study was conducted in physiotherapy department Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Simple random sampling technique was castoff and overall of 40 subjects were contributed in this research. From the subjects after taking Informed consent data was collected. Self-made questionnaire was used. Numeric pain rating scale and SPADI index was used as an assessing tool for pain and disability,for data assortmentafterward inclusion criteria was contented. patient identified with adhesive capsulitis with limited range of motion, having pain and limitation of activity of daily living, age group 35-70 year, both genders were included, subject who willing to participate and History of shoulder arthritis, rotator cuff and ligament injuries, Malignancy, Peri arthritis shoulder are considered in exclusion criteria. Datawas evaluatedvia using SPSS 23.0 version and Microsoft excel 2010. Mean and standard deviation of age, pain, SPADI for disability pre and post treatment was calculated. The Frequency and percentage of gender, occupationwasanalyzed, and bar charts were used to present it. Wilcoxson sign test was used to assess the intensity of pain and Spadi disability pre and post treatment with in a group and Man Whitney u test were used to analyze pain and Spadi index between two groups. Results: There was significant difference in pain and disability (Spadi index) pre and post treatment in both groups and between the groups, p=0.000 (p<0.05) but Maitland seems to be more effective as compared to Kaltonborn. Mean value and standard deviation of kaltobnorn post treatment for NPRS and SPADI index was 3.4000±1.60263 and 21.4500±12.06768 while in Maitland its was 1.5500±0.75915 and 3.9500±2.39462. Conclusion: Majority frequency shows that of ration of diabetic and female gender were more in adhesive capsulitis.Both techniques were effective for managing patient of frozen shoulder, but Maitland technique was more effective as compared to Kaltonborn for reducing pain, increasing ranges and decreasing disability which would improve activity of daily livings (ADL’s).
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[Bibliography]
Pages: 176-179
Cite this Article: Muhammad Rizwan, Ayesha Razzaq, Shazia Ijaz, Tooba Amin , "COMPARING THE EFFECT OF KALTONBORN AND MAITLAND MOBILIZATION ON PAIN AND DISABILITY IN ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 176-179 #ijarporg
OPTIMISATION OF E-WASTE GENERATION - A CASE STUDY
Authors: PRACHI N. KARE
Abstracts: ‘Use and Throw’ policy adoption by users and manufacturers, lack of awareness and poor intermingled management practices, innovations and industrialisation has led to generation of E- waste which in coming years will be a considerable component Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). One of the major contributors of E- waste is engineering institutes due to mandatory provision of different facilities according to norms after IT and electronics sector. Engineering Institutes are being funded for development under different schemes for which the major purchase is of electronic gadgets. The quantity of E- waste as per AICTE norms is calculated theoretically and practically which comes out to be 0.334 tonnes / year for 7 years life cycle and 0.262 tonnes / year till the obsolescence of 2009 at institutes. If followed the norms of AICTE, the generation rate of E –waste can be kept still to minimum as compared to present rate of generation in future. This paper gives study of quantity calculation of E- waste generated theoretically and practically in one of the reputed Engineering Institutes which will further led to suggestion of optimisation for E – waste generated. This study will further be extended suitable management of E- waste through a mathematical model for Engineering Institutes.
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[Bibliography]
Pages: 180-182
Cite this Article: Prachi N. Kare , "OPTIMISATION OF E-WASTE GENERATION - A CASE STUDY", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 180-182 #ijarporg
HEALTH CARE WORKERS’ SAFETY PERCEPTION AND ITS RELATION TO ACCIDENTS, NEAR ACCIDENTS AND PHYSICAL COMPLAINTS.
Authors: OMAR MALLEH CEESAY, HSYIEN-CHIA WEN; GIIA-SHEUN PENG, SEN-YENG KAO
Abstracts: Background: Health care workers in developing countries are at greater risk of injuries and ill-health from Hepatitis B and HIV/AIDs which impact on individual employee's health and well-being. Objective: To measure the correlations of health workers' safety perception and the occurrence of accident, near accident and physical complaint in secondary health facilities in The Gambia. Method: Institution based cross sectional study among a selected sample size of 285 health workers. Data were collected using structured validated questionnaire developed by Hayes et al. Approval to conduct the study was obtained from the Ministry of Health of The Gambia. Results: From the selected sample size, 245 responded for a response rate of 89%. Among the respondents, numbers of victims of accident, near accident and physical complaint were 82, 49 and100 respectively. The multiple regression showed predictor of accident was program safety (p<.005); near accident predictors were supervisor safety (p <.006) and management safety (p<.030) whilst predictors for physical complaint was program safety (p<.047). Conclusion: The study found the correlation between employees' safety perception and workplace accident, so we suggest for formulating workplace safety polices aimed at creating safe working environment and improving the well-being of health workers.
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[Bibliography]
Pages: 183-191
Cite this Article: Omar Malleh Ceesay, Hsyien-Chia Wen; Giia-Sheun Peng, Sen-Yeng Kao , "HEALTH CARE WORKERS’ SAFETY PERCEPTION AND ITS RELATION TO ACCIDENTS, NEAR ACCIDENTS AND PHYSICAL COMPLAINTS.", International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (IJARP), http://www.ijarp.org/online-papers-publishing/may2019.html, Volume 3 - Issue 5, May 2019 Edition, 183-191 #ijarporg