Adsorption And Antimicrobial Substantivity Of 0.2% Chitosan On Human Root Tooth Surface
Volume 6 - Issue 5, May 2023 Edition
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Author(s)
Mercy Naswa Makhanu, Fredrick Ikhabi Weboko, Evangeline Mwikali Kyende, Phides Alcorta
Keywords
Chitosan, Zone of inhibition, Adsorption, Antimicrobial substantivity
Abstract
Background and Objective: The presence of amino acid and hydroxyl groups in its molecule, chitosan has emerged to be a promising material in adsorption and as a locally delivered antimicrobial adjunct. Chitosan is derived from naturally occurring exoskeletons of crustaceans including prawns, insects, crabs, shrimps, and cell walls of fungi such as aspergillus and mucor. The aim of this study was to establish the adsorption of chitosan solution as well as assess its antimicrobial substantivity against the growth of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn). Methodology: This was an experimental study that implemented a quantitative exploratory type of research. A total of 72 human tooth root discs were purposively sampled and obtained from triplication of sample groups. Zero point two grams (0.2 g) of chitosan was dissolved in 100ml 1% lactic acid solution to achieve a concentration of 0.2%. Each group was submerged in either 0.2% chitosan, 0.2% chlorhexidine, or 0.9% normal saline solution. The samples in each group were later immersed in artificial saliva for 10 minutes, 6hrs and 24 hours. All samples were subjected to a disk diffusion test and incubated for 48 hours. Different zones of inhibition were measured, recorded and analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilks test and One sample t-test analysis at a level of significance of p?0.05. Results: The findings indicated that the antimicrobial substantivity against F.nucleatum for 0.2% chitosan was partially active at 10 mins and inactive at 6hrs and 24hrs. On the other hand, CHX shows significant activity at 10minutes, 6hrs, and 24hrs. Conclusion and recommendations: Chitosan was found to have minimal antimicrobial substantivity (10 minutes). Future researchers can also investigate the adsorption and antimicrobial substantivity of chitosan using other concentrations of chitosan at shorter time intervals. Perhaps greater zones of inhibition indicating greater antimicrobial activity can be observed
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