Relationship Between The Maxillary First Molar Roots And The Maxillary Sinus Floor: A Cone Beam Computed Tomoraphy Analysis
Volume 6 - Issue 5, May 2023 Edition
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Author(s)
Fredrick Ikhabi Weboko, Mercy Naswa Makhanu, Katrina G De Luna, Grace Ellen S Dey, Iluminada L Viloria
Keywords
Maxillary sinus floor, vertical distance
Abstract
Background The knowledge of the relationship between the root apices of maxillary teeth and the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus is crucial in diagnosis and treatment, not only in the field of endodontics but also other disciplines of dentistry. The close anatomical relationship between the maxillary molar roots and the maxillary sinus floor, may result in maxillary sinusitis of odontogenic origin. Previous studies have evaluated the relationship the relationship between the maxillary molar roots and the maxillary sinus floor (MSF) with inconclusive results. Previously, periapical and panoramic radiographs were used to determine the proximity of root apices and the maxillary sinus floor. However, superimposition of anatomic structures and errors caused by magnification render these methods less accurate diagnosis. With the Cone Beam Computed Tomography, the relationship between maxillary root apices and MSF can be accurately determined The study set out to determine the relationship between the roots of the maxillary first molar and the maxillary sinus floor. Design and objective: A descriptive cross sectional study employing consecutive sampling of 327 maxillary first molar roots was conducted. The aim of the study was to establish the relationship between the maxillary first molar roots and the maxillary sinus using Cone Beam Computed Tomography analysis. Methods: An analysis of Cone beam computed tomography scans of Filipino patients was done. The iRYS deconstruction software version 5.6 was used to analyze images. Descriptive statistics were used to represent the relationship between the roots of the maxillary first molar and the maxillary sinus floor. Comparison was done across age groups, gender and side (left or right). A summary of the numerical variables (vertical distances measured) was given in terms of mean, standard deviation, median, minimum and maximum whereas categorical variable (age and gender) given in terms of percentages and frequencies. Results: In this study, the vertical distance measured from the root tip to the MSF, was 1.39mm for the palatal root, 1.14mm for the Mesiobuccal root and 1.08mm for the Distobuccal root. Therefore, the closest root to the floor of the sinus was the Distobuccal root, followed by the Mesiobuccal and then the Palatal root. For both genders the root tips on the right side were closer to the MSF than those on the left side. For both left and right side the root tips were closer to the MSF in males and in younger patents for both genders. Conclusion. The closest root to the maxillary sinus floor was the distobuccal followed by mesiobuccal and then palatal. Differences in tooth position (right or left), age and gender were noted. Recommendation: The roots tips of the maxillary first molar are located close to the Maxillary sinus floor. For that matter, clinicians must exercise extreme caution during endodontic procedures.
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