Investigation Of The Infestation Of Dermestes Maculatus On Clarias Gariepinus Atdifferentintervals
Volume 1 - Issue 4, October 2017 Edition
[Download Full Paper]
Author(s)
Victor. N Enwemiwe, F.O Akinwumi, Kolade S, Fasoore
Keywords
investigation, Dermestes maculatus, nutritional composition, and Clarias gariepinus
Abstract
Eating dried fish is one prevalent dietary habit for local Nigerians due to the requisite for nutritional quality, infested or not. The aim of this study is to investigate the infestation of smoked ready-to-eat dried Clarias gariepinus obtained from Oja-Oba market in Ikare, Ondo State, Nigeria and fresh catfishes processed in the laboratory by Dermestes maculatus at different intervals. A total of twenty catfish was obtained for the study. The twenty catfish were divided into 2 groups of ten catfish each as follows; group 1-smoked ready-to-eat and group 2-fresh catfish processed in the laboratory. The dried catfish were macerated and weighed in each group to obtain a weight of 500g. The macerated catfish in each group were infested with Dermestes maculatus larva in 3 replicates per group. The nutritional composition and moisture contents were determined every two weeks using proximal analysis in an experiment that lasted 56 days. Data were subjected to two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). P ≤ 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. The result revealed that carbohydrate content, crude protein, fat content, ash content, mineral composition and vitamin c in oven-dried fishes exposed to Dermestes maculatus were significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) from those obtained from the local market as days progressed from 0 – 56 days. Result also showed that moisture content (%) reduced from 0 – 56 days (146.32±9.22c to 132.09±2.58a and 146.32±9.22b -142.55±2.95c) for both smoked catfishes obtained from the local market and laboratory oven-dried catfishes respectively. This implies that the high moisture content influenced the nutritional composition of the laboratory processed catfishes compared to those obtained from the local market. Therefore, protecting smoked ready-to-eat dried catfishes from local market by Dermestes maculatus infestations are important to guide the nutritional quality.
References
[1] Adedire C.O. and Lajide L. (2000). Effect of pulverized plant materials on fish damage and growth performance of the fish beetle Dermestesmaculatus (Degeer). Entomology Society of Nigeria. Occ. Publ. 32: 215-221.
[2] Akinwumi F.O, Fasakin E.A, Adedire C.O (2007). Toxic and repellence population activities of four plant extracts to Dermestes maculatus Degeer on smoked African mud catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell. Journal of Entomology, 4(2): 149-154.
[3] Akinwumi, F.O. (2010). Bioefficacy of Some Oil-Mixed plant Derivatives against African Mud catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Beetles, Dermestes maculatus and Necrobia rufipes. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 44(1) 903-910.
[4] Akunne CE, Afonta CN, Mogbo TC, Ononye BU, Ngenegbo UC (2014). Evaluation of the Efficacy of Mixed Powders of Piper guineense and Zingiber officinale against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). American Journal of Biology and Life Sciences 2(2):63-67.
[5] Amusan, A.A.S. and Okorie, T.G. (2002). The use of Piper guineense Fruit Oil as protectant on dried Fish against Dermestes malculatus. Global journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 8(2) 197-201.
[6] AOAC (1995). Official Methods of Analysis of the AOAC, 16th Edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC, USA. 928 p.
[7] Bligh, E.G. and Dyer, W.J. (2001). A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology 37: 911-917.
[8] FAO. (2009). Ice in fisheries. Food and Agricultural Organization. FAO Fisheries Report Series 59: 1- 68.
[9] Fawole O.O, Ogundiran M.A, Ayandiran T.A, Olagunju O.F (2007). Proximate and Mineral Composition in Some Selected Fresh Water Fishes in Nigeria. Internet Journal of Food Safety 9: 52-55.
[10] Frazier, W.C. (2009). Food microbiology. Mc-Graw Hill Book Co. New York. 285 pp.
[11] Haines C.P (1991). Insect and Arachnids of Tropical stored products: Their Biology and identification. (A Training Manual) Natural Research Institute, Chatham, Kent, UK. 246p.
[12] Marinetti, G. C. (1967). Lipid chromatographic analysis. Volumes 1 and 2, Marcel Decker, Incorporated, New York.
[13] Nduh, T.A. (2004). Insect pests of dried fish sold in Jos Metropolitan market. MSc. Thesis, University of Jos, Nigeria, 126 pp.
[14] Odeyemi, O.O., Owoade, R.A. and Akinkurolere, O. (2000). Toxicity and population suppression effects of Parkia clappatoniana on dried fish pests (Dermestes maculatus and Necrobia rufipes). Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 6:191-195.
[15] Rollings, M.I. and Hayward L.A.W (1963). Aspects of the dried fish trade in Nigeria with particular reference to Lake Chad. Tropical Stored Product Information. 5: 162-167.
[16] Shewan, J.M. (2008). The microbiology of water fish. Pages 487-560. In: G. Bergstorm (ed). Fish as Food. Academic Press Incorporated, New York.
[17] Turnaz H. and Uygun N. (2004). Insect Growth Regulators for Insect Pest Control. Turkey Journal of Agriculture 28: 377-387.
[18] Uneke (2015). A survey of pest (Demestes maculatus) infestation on dried preserved Clarias gariepinus: its effect on nutritional quantity and quality. Continental J. Biological Sciences 8 (1): 8 – 13.
[19] Viveen, W. J. A. R., Richter, C .J. J., Van Oordt, P. G. W. J., Janseen, J. A. L. and Huisman, E. A. (1986). Practical Manual for the Culture on the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus.