International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications (2456-9992)

Novel Neuroprotective Effect Of Therapeutic Lithium Carbonate Doses In Rat Brain Tissue During Different Treatment Intervals

Volume 1 - Issue 5, November 2017 Edition
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Author(s)
Nabil M. Abdel-Hamid, Shereen S. El Shaer, Amany M. Gad
Keywords
Lithium; Neuroprotection; Hydroxylation; Amino acids; Proteins.
Abstract
Amino acids are either neurotransmitters or precursors for neurotransmitters. This study aims to investigate the effect of therapeutic dose of lithium carbonate (75 mg/kg) on brain free amino acids thought to contribute in psychotic disorders and declare its effect on phosphate buffer insoluble protein fraction in rat brain at different treatment periods. Phosphate buffer insoluble protein fraction was chosen, being the more stable part of tissue protein. Four groups of rats, 6/each were recruited, randomly assorted into, a control group, given saline, acute study group, given single dose, left for 2 hours, sub-acute study group, given a dose each 3 days for 2 weeks and a chronic study group, given a dose each 3 days for a month. Brain content of l free amino acids; ɣ- aminobutyrate (GABA), aspartate, glutamate, glycine, phenyl alanine, tryptophan, branched chain amino acids and proline was significantly decreased on acute, sub-acute and chronic administration, while hydroxyl and dibasic amino acids were increased. Concomitantly, increased phosphate buffer-insoluble protein fraction after two hours of administration, decreasing to normal level after a month of therapy. These actions indicate an anabolic and neuroprotective impact of lithium on brain tissue with amelioration of nitrogen balance, activated amidation, hydroxylation and peptidases. These pathways, possibly published for the first time, elucidating a novel therapeutic prospect of lithium in psychotic disorders. Increasing a more stable fraction of tissue protein (phosphate-buffer insoluble), is a novel contribution to lithium tissue stabilization in affective disorders.
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